
Serrano pepperEasy to find
Same count; seeds in for extra heat
Similar heat and bite, a little thinner-skinned.

Ingredient guide
Cheongyang gochu is a slim, very spicy Korean green chili. It is sliced into stews, soups and dipping sauces when you want a clean, sharp heat.
Sharply hot with a fresh, grassy bite; hotter than a jalapeño.
Slim, firm green (sometimes red) peppers in Korean markets. Shorter ones are generally hotter.
Refrigerate in a paper bag for about a week, or freeze whole for months.
Works in any country — look for these names, in these kinds of shops.
Honest swaps, with amounts per unit of the original and how the dish will change.

Same count; seeds in for extra heat
Similar heat and bite, a little thinner-skinned.

For each cheongyang: 1 small jalapeño and ⅛ tsp gochugaru
Milder and thicker-fleshed; the gochugaru brings the heat up.
▲ milder at first▼ fresher

대파
Fresh and mildly sweet with a gentle onion bite that mellows when cooked.

고추장
Spicy-sweet and savory with a fermented depth; the heat varies by brand.

배추김치
Sour, salty, spicy and savory. It gets tangier the longer it ferments.

고사리
Earthy and subtle, with a chewy texture.